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INNKRAð DKKAUPþING SJóðARNAðAGAR PERLEGT WHAT NEXT ANOTHER BATCH RANDOM WORDS FROM SAME SEED BATCH LONGER WORDS FROM SAME SEED ORIGINAL WORD LIST THAT THESE WORDS WERE CREATED FROM VIEW AVAILABLE WORD LISTS RANDOM WORDS HOME WORD LISTS WORD LIST SAMPLE LISTS BREAKFAST CEREALS COOL WORDS SHAKESPEARE NAMES GIRL NAMES ABOUT CONTACT WIKIPEDIA SUSTAINED PEOPLE LIKE PLEASE DONATE TODAY JAPANESE NAME FROM WIKIPEDIA FREE ENCYCLOPEDIA JUMP NAVIGATION SEARCH YAMADA TYPICAL STEREOTYPE JAPANESE NAME MALE EQUIVALENT JOHN SMITH ENGLISH JANE SMITH WOULD YAMADA HANAKO JAPANESE NAMES JINMEI MODERN TIMES USUALLY CONSIST FAMILY NAME SURNAME FOLLOWED GIVEN NAME THIS NAMING ORDER COMMON COUNTRIES THAT HAVE LONG BEEN PART CHINESE CULTURAL SPHERE INCLUDING AMONG CHINESE KOREAN VIETNAMESE CULTURES MIDDLE NAMES GENERALLY USED JAPANESE NAMES USUALLY WRITTEN KANJI WHICH CHINESE CHARACTERS JAPANESE PRONUNCIATION KANJI NAME HAVE VARIETY POSSIBLE JAPANESE PRONUNCIATIONS USUALLY PARENTS MIGHT HIRAGANA KATAKANA WHEN GIVING BIRTH NAME THEIR NEW-BORN CHILD NAMES WRITTEN HIRAGANA KATAKANA DON'T REALLY BEAR MEANING CONTRAST GIVEN NAMES EXPRESSED KANJI JAPANESE FAMILY NAMES EXTREMELY VARIED ACCORDING ESTIMATES THERE OVER DIFFERENT SURNAMES TODAY JAPAN THIS RECENT ORIGIN FAMILY NAMES JAPAN HENCE THERE HAVE BEEN GENERATIONS WHICH FAMILY NAMES COULD BECOME EXTINCT COMMON FAMILY NAMES JAPAN INCLUDE MOST COMMON SUZUKI SECOND MOST COMMON TAKAHASHI THIRD MOST COMMON TENTH MOST COMMON SURNAMES OCCUR WITH VARYING FREQUENCY DIFFERENT REGIONS EXAMPLE NAMES CHINEN HIGA SHIMABUKURO COMMON OKINAWA OTHER PARTS JAPAN MANY JAPANESE FAMILY NAMES DERIVE FROM FEATURES RURAL LANDSCAPE EXAMPLE ISHIKAWA MEANS STONE RIVER YAMAMOTO MEANS BASE MOUNTAIN INOUE MEANS ABOVE WELL GIVEN NAMES MUCH MORE DIVERSE PRONUNCIATION CHARACTER USAGE MALE NAMES OFTEN ALSO CLEAR BRIGHT GREAT THICK CONTAIN ICHI FIRST KAZU ALSO WRITTEN WITH FIRST ALONG WITH SEVERAL OTHER POSSIBLE CHARACTERS SECOND NEXT GREAT LARGE WHILE FEMALE NAMES OFTEN CHILD BEAUTY OTHER POPULAR ENDINGS FEMALE NAMES INCLUDE SCENT PERFUME FLOWER MEANING GREENS CONTENTS HIDE STRUCTURE CHARACTERS DIFFICULTY READING NAMES REGULATIONS CUSTOMS SPEAKING OTHERS NICKNAMES NAMES FROM OTHER ETHNIC GROUPS JAPAN IMPERIAL NAMES HISTORICAL NAMES PROFESSIONAL NAMES JAPANESE NAMES ENGLISH ALSO REFERENCES FURTHER READING EXTERNAL LINKS EDIT STRUCTURE JAPANESE PEOPLE HAVE SURNAME GIVEN NAME WITH MIDDLE NAME EXCEPT JAPANESE IMPERIAL FAMILY WHOSE MEMBERS BEAR SURNAME SURNAME CALLED GIVEN NAME CALLED NAME NAMAE LOWER NAME SHITA NAMAE FAMILY NAME PRECEDES GIVEN NAME HISTORICALLY DIFFERENT MEANINGS ORIGINALLY MATRILINEAL SURNAME LATER BECAME GRANTED ONLY EMPEROR THERE WERE RELATIVELY MOST MEDIEVAL NOBLE CLANS TRACE THEIR LINEAGE EITHER DIRECTLY THESE COURTIERS THESE FIRST USED DESIGNATE PATRILINEAL DESCENT LATER MERGED WITH AROUND SAME TIME LOST MATRILINEAL SIGNIFICANCE SIMPLY WHAT FAMILY CHOOSES CALL ITSELF OPPOSED GRANTED EMPEROR WHILE PASSED PATRILINEALLY CERTAIN DEGREE FREEDOM CHANGING ONE'S ALSO KABANE THERE NAMES THAT USED EITHER SURNAMES GIVEN NAMES EXAMPLE MAYUMI KANEKO MASUKO ARATA ADDITION THOSE FAMILIAR WITH JAPANESE NAMES WHICH NAME SURNAME WHICH GIVEN NAME USUALLY APPARENT MATTER WHICH ORDER NAMES PRESENTED THIS THUS MAKES UNLIKELY THAT NAMES WILL CONFUSED EXAMPLE WHEN WRITING ENGLISH USING ORDER FAMILY NAME GIVEN NAME HOWEVER WHEN ROMANIZED SOME COMMON SURNAMES GIVEN NAMES COINCIDE SHOJI SHOJI GIVEN NAME SHOJI SHOJI SURNAME CITATION NEEDED EDIT CHARACTERS JAPANESE NAMES USUALLY WRITTEN KANJI CHINESE CHARACTERS ALTHOUGH SOME NAMES HIRAGANA EVEN KATAKANA MIXTURE KANJI KANA WHILE MOST TRADITIONAL NAMES KUN'YOMI NATIVE JAPANESE KANJI READINGS LARGE NUMBER GIVEN NAMES SURNAMES ON'YOMI CHINESE-BASED KANJI READINGS WELL MANY OTHERS READINGS WHICH ONLY USED NAMES NANORI SUCH FEMALE NAME NOZOMI MAJORITY SURNAMES COMPRISE THREE KANJI CHARACTERS THERE ALSO SMALL NUMBER FOUR FIVE KANJI SURNAMES SUCH TESHIGAWARA KUTARAGI KADENOKOJI THESE EXTREMELY RARE CITATION NEEDED MENTIONED ABOVE FEMALE GIVEN NAMES OFTEN SYLLABLE WRITTEN WITH KANJI MEANING CHILD THIS MUCH MORE COMMON ABOUT PRACTICE DOES CONTINUE TODAY MALE NAMES OCCASIONALLY WITH SYLLABLE VERY RARELY USING KANJI MOST OFTEN MALE NAME ENDS ENDS HIKO USING KANJI COMMON MALE NAME ENDINGS -SHI NAMES ENDING WITH -SHI OFTEN ADJECTIVES ATSUSHI WHICH MIGHT MEAN EXAMPLE FAITHFUL PAST BEFORE WORLD NAMES WRITTEN WITH KATAKANA WERE COMMON WOMEN THIS TREND SEEMS HAVE LOST FAVOUR HIRAGANA NAMES WOMEN UNUSUAL KANA NAMES BOYS PARTICULARLY THOSE WRITTEN HIRAGANA HAVE HISTORICALLY BEEN VERY RARE THIS PART BECAUSE HIRAGANA SCRIPT SEEN FEMININE MEDIEVAL JAPAN WOMEN GENERALLY WERE TAUGHT KANJI WROTE EXCLUSIVELY HIRAGANA NAMES LIKE OTHER JAPANESE WORDS CANNOT BEGIN WITH SYLLABLE SOME NAMES MALE NAMES SHIN EXAMPLES SYLLABLE SHOULD CONFUSED WITH CONSONANT WHICH NAMES BEGIN WITH EXAMPLE FEMALE NAME NAOKO MALE NAOYA CONSONANT NEEDS PAIRED WITH VOWEL FORM SYLLABLE LARGE CATEGORY FAMILY NAMES CATEGORIZED NAMES KANJI MEANING WISTERIA ON'YOMI WITH RENDAKU MANY JAPANESE PEOPLE HAVE SURNAMES THAT INCLUDE THIS KANJI SECOND CHARACTER THIS BECAUSE FUJIWARA CLAN GAVE THEIR SAMURAI SURNAMES ENDING WITH FIRST CHARACTER THEIR NAME DENOTE THEIR STATUS WHEN COMMONERS WERE ALLOWED SURNAMES EXAMPLES INCLUDE ALTHOUGH DIFFERENT FINAL KANJI ALSO COMMON KOND SAIT SHIND NAIT ALREADY NOTED SOME MOST COMMON FAMILY NAMES THIS LIST EDIT DIFFICULTY READING NAMES NAME WRITTEN KANJI HAVE MORE THAN COMMON PRONUNCIATION ONLY WHICH CORRECT GIVEN INDIVIDUAL EXAMPLE SURNAME WRITTEN KANJI READ EITHER KAIRIN CONVERSELY NAME HAVE SEVERAL POSSIBLE WRITTEN FORMS AGAIN ONLY WILL CORRECT GIVEN INDIVIDUAL CHARACTER WHEN USED MALE GIVEN NAME USED WRITTEN FORM HAJIME HITOSHI ICHI- -ICHI KAZU- -KAZU MANY OTHERS NAME HAJIME WRITTEN WITH FOLLOWING THIS MANY-TO-MANY CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN NAMES WAYS THEY WRITTEN MUCH MORE COMMON WITH MALE GIVEN NAMES THAN WITH SURNAMES FEMALE GIVEN NAMES OBSERVED THESE CATEGORIES THIS MAKE COLLATION PRONUNCIATION ROMANIZATION JAPANESE NAME VERY DIFFICULT PROBLEM THIS REASON BUSINESS CARDS OFTEN INCLUDE PRONUNCIATION NAME FURIGANA FORMS DOCUMENTS ALWAYS HAVE SPACES WRITE READING NAME KANA USUALLY KATAKANA RESTAURANTS JAPAN COMMON WAIT SEATED WRITING ONE'S NAME LIST WAITING CALLED LIST THERE USUALLY REQUEST WRITE ONE'S NAME KATAKANA RATHER THAN KANJI JAPANESE NAMES PARTICULARLY FAMILY NAMES INCLUDE OLD-FASHIONED VERSIONS CHARACTERS EXAMPLE VERY COMMON CHARACTER SHIMA ISLAND WRITTEN INSTEAD USUAL SOME NAMES ALSO FEATURE VERY UNCOMMON KANJI EVEN KANJI WHICH LONGER EXIST MODERN JAPANESE JAPANESE PEOPLE HAVE SUCH NAMES LIKELY COMPROMISE SUBSTITUTING SIMILAR SIMPLIFIED CHARACTERS EXAMPLE SUCH NAME SAIT THERE COMMON KANJI HERE CHARACTERS HAVE DIFFERENT MEANINGS MEANS TOGETHER PARALLEL MEANS PURIFY THESE NAMES ALSO EXIST WRITTEN OLD-FASHIONED CHARACTERS RESPECTIVELY FAMILY NAMES SOMETIMES WRITTEN WITH IDIOSYNCRATIC CHARACTERS CALLED ATEJI THAT RELATE INDIRECTLY NAME SPOKEN EXAMPLE WOULD NORMALLY READ SHIGATSU TSUITACHI APRIL FAMILY NAME READ WATANUKI UNPADDED CLOTHES BECAUSE APRIL TRADITIONAL DATE SWITCH FROM WINTER SUMMER CLOTHES MOST JAPANESE PEOPLE AGENCIES HAVE ADOPTED CUSTOMS DEAL WITH THESE ISSUES ADDRESS BOOKS INSTANCE OFTEN CONTAIN FURIGANA RUBY CHARACTERS CLARIFY PRONUNCIATION NAME JAPANESE NATIONALS ALSO REQUIRED GIVE ROMANIZED NAME THEIR PASSPORT RECENT JAPANESE MEDIA USING KATAKANA WHEN REFERRING JAPANESE CELEBRITIES HAVE GAINED INTERNATIONAL FAME STARTED AMONG YOUNG SOCIALITES ATTEMPTING INVOKE COSMOPOLITAN FLAIR KATAKANA NAMES BADGE HONOR THESE COMPLICATIONS ALSO FOUND JAPANESE PLACE NAMES NAMES COMPLICATED SOME COMMON NAMES SUMMARIZED PHRASE TANAKAMURA VILLAGE MIDDLE RICE FIELDS THREE KANJI RICE FIELD NAKA MIDDLE MURA VILLAGE TOGETHER PAIR FORM SIMPLE REASONABLY COMMON SURNAME TANAKA NAKAMURA MURATA NAKATA NAKADA MURANAKA TAMURA DESPITE THESE DIFFICULTIES THERE ENOUGH PATTERNS RECURRING NAMES THAT MOST NATIVE JAPANESE WILL ABLE READ VIRTUALLY FAMILY NAMES THEY ENCOUNTER MAJORITY PERSONAL NAMES EDIT REGULATIONS KANJI NAMES JAPAN GOVERNED GOVERNMENT'S RULES KANJI OCTOBER THERE NAME KANJI JINMEIY KANJI COMMONLY USED CHARACTERS KANJI USED PERSONAL NAMES GOVERNMENT PLANS INCREASE THIS LIST KANJI NEAR FUTURE THIS WOULD LARGEST INCREASE SINCE WORLD ONLY KANJI WHICH APPEAR OFFICIAL LIST USED GIVEN NAMES THIS ENSURE THAT NAMES WRITTEN READ THOSE LITERATE JAPANESE RULES ALSO GOVERN NAMES CONSIDERED INAPPROPRIATE EXAMPLE PARENTS TRIED NAME THEIR CHILD AKUMA WHICH LITERALLY MEANS DEVIL WERE PROHIBITED FROM DOING THOUGH THERE REGULATIONS NAMING CHILDREN MANY CHARACTERS STILL FOUND ADULTS' NAMES BECAUSE THESE RESTRICTIONS HAVE BEEN CONFUSING LEAST MANY RECENT CHANGES HAVE BEEN MADE INCREASE RATHER THAN REDUCE NUMBER KANJI ALLOWED NAMES MOREOVER SAPPORO HIGH COURT HELD THAT UNLAWFUL GOVERNMENT DENY REGISTRATION CHILD'S NAME BECAUSE CONTAINED KANJI CHARACTER THAT RELATIVELY COMMON INCLUDED OFFICIAL LIST NAME CHARACTERS COMPILED MINISTRY JUSTICE SUBSEQUENTLY JAPANESE GOVERNMENT PROMULGATED PLANS INCREASE NUMBER PERMITTED KANJI SPACE GIVEN NAMES SEPARATE FIRST MIDDLE NAMES ALLOWED BECAUSE TECHNICALLY SPACE ALLOWED CHARACTER PLAN INCREASE NUMBER NAME KANJI BEEN CONTROVERSIAL LARGELY BECAUSE CHINESE CHARACTERS MEANING CANCER HEMORRHOIDS CORPSE EXCREMENT KUSO WELL THOSE USED JUKUGO WORDS WHICH COMPOUNDS MORE KANJI MEANING CURSE NORO PROSTITUTE IMMORAL AMONG PROPOSED ADDITIONS LIST THIS BECAUSE MEASURES WERE TAKEN DETERMINE APPROPRIATENESS KANJI PROPOSED EXAMPLE BUTTOCK SHIRI WHICH FELT MAJORITIES PROHIBITION CONTROVERSIAL BECAUSE UNCOMMON FAMILY NAME GOVERNMENT WILL SEEK INPUT FROM PUBLIC BEFORE APPROVING LIST EDIT CUSTOMS ANCIENT TIMES PEOPLE JAPAN WERE CONSIDERED PROPERTY EMPEROR THEIR SURNAME REFLECTED ROLE GOVERNMENT THEY SERVED EXAMPLE TOMO 'GREAT ATTENDANT COMPANION' NAMES WOULD ALSO GIVEN RECOGNITION GREAT ACHIEVEMENT CONTRIBUTION UNTIL MEIJI RESTORATION JAPANESE COMMON PEOPLE PEOPLE OTHER THAN KUGE SAMURAI SURNAMES WHEN NECESSARY USED SUBSTITUTE SUCH NAME THEIR BIRTHPLACE EXAMPLE ICHIR BORN ASAHI MURA ASAHI VILLAGE PROVINCE MUSASHI WOULD ICHIR FROM ASAHI-MURA MUSASHI MERCHANTS WERE NAMED AFTER THEIR BRANDS EXAMPLE DENBEI OWNER SAGAMIYA WOULD SAGAMIYA DENBEI FARMERS WERE NAMED AFTER THEIR FATHERS EXAMPLE ISUKE WHOSE FATHER GENBEI WOULD ISUKE GENBEI AFTER MEIJI RESTORATION GOVERNMENT ORDERED COMMONERS ASSUME SURNAMES ADDITION THEIR GIVEN NAMES MANY PEOPLE ADOPTED HISTORICAL NAMES WHILE OTHERS SIMPLY MADE NAMES LOCAL SAGE MAKE SURNAME THIS EXPLAINS PART LARGE NUMBER SURNAMES JAPAN WELL THEIR GREAT DIVERSITY SPELLINGS PRONUNCIATIONS DURING PERIOD WHEN TYPICAL PARENTS SEVERAL CHILDREN COMMON PRACTICE NAME SONS NUMBERS SUFFIXED WITH FIRST WOULD KNOWN ICHIR SECOND GIRLS WERE OFTEN NAMED WITH CHILD GIVEN NAME THIS SHOULD CONFUSED WITH LESS COMMON MALE SUFFIX HIKO BOTH PRACTICES HAVE BECOME LESS COMMON ALTHOUGH MANY CHILDREN STILL HAVE NAMES ALONG THESE LINES EDIT SPEAKING OTHERS MAIN ARTICLES JAPANESE TITLES JAPANESE PRONOUNS WHICH NAME USED CONVERSATION DEPENDS CIRCUMSTANCES SPEAKER'S RELATIONSHIPS WITH LISTENER BEARER NAME TYPICALLY FAMILY NAME USED WITH GIVEN NAMES LARGELY RESTRICTED INFORMAL SITUATIONS CASES WHERE SPEAKER OLDER THAN SUPERIOR VERY FAMILIAR WITH NAMED INDIVIDUAL WHEN ADDRESSING SOMEONE REFERRING MEMBER ONE'S OUT-GROUP TITLE SUCH -SAN TYPICALLY ADDED JAPANESE PEOPLE AVOID OFTEN REFERRING THEIR SENIORS SUPERIORS NAME USING JUST TITLE WITHIN FAMILY THIS MIGHT KINSHIP RELATION SUCH MOTHER SCHOOL COULD SENSEI TEACHER WHILE COMPANY PRESIDENT WOULD ADDRESSED SHACH COMPANY PRESIDENT OTHER HAND PRONOMINALS MEANING ANATA KIMI OMAE USED RATHER LITTLE JAPANESE USING SUCH WORDS SOMETIMES SOUNDS DISRESPECTFUL PEOPLE WILL COMMONLY ADDRESS EACH OTHER NAME TITLE HONORIFIC EVEN FACE-TO-FACE CONVERSATIONS CALLING SOMEONE'S NAME WITHOUT TITLE HONORIFIC CALLED YOBISUTE CONSIDERED RUDE EVEN MOST INFORMAL FRIENDLY OCCASIONS THIS FAUX HOWEVER READILY EXCUSED FOREIGNERS EDIT NICKNAMES MAIN ARTICLE JAPANESE ABBREVIATED CONTRACTED WORDS COMMON JAPANESE PRACTICE FORMING ABBREVIATIONS CONCATENATING FIRST MORAE WORDS SOMETIMES APPLIED NAMES USUALLY THOSE CELEBRITIES EXAMPLE TAKUYA KIMURA KIMURA TAKUYA FAMOUS JAPANESE ACTOR SINGER BECOMES KIMUTAKU KIMUTAKU THIS SOMETIMES APPLIED EVEN NON-JAPANESE CELEBRITIES BRAD PITT WHOSE FULL NAME JAPANESE BURADDO PITTO BURADDO PITTO COMMONLY KNOWN BURAPI BURAPI JIMI HENDRIX ABBREVIATED JIMIHEN JIMIHEN SOME JAPANESE CELEBRITIES HAVE ALSO TAKEN NAMES COMBINING KANJI KATAKANA SUCH TERRY CORRESPONDING GIVEN NAME THERE MORE HYPOCORISTICS AFFECTIONATE NICKNAMES THESE FORMED ADDING SUFFIX -CHAN STEM THERE TYPES STEM CONSISTS FULL GIVEN NAME EXAMPLES THIS TYPE -CHAN FROM KIMIKO-CHAN FROM KIMIKO YASUNARI-CHAN FROM YASUNARI OTHER TYPE STEM MODIFIED STEM DERIVED FROM FULL GIVEN NAME EXAMPLES SUCH NAMES TARO-CHAN FROM KII-CHAN FROM KIMIKO -CHAN FROM YASUNARI HYPOCHORISTICS WITH MODIFIED STEMS MORE INTIMATE THAN THOSE BASED FULL GIVEN NAME HYPOCORISTICS WITH MODIFIED STEMS DERIVED ADDING -CHAN STEM CONSISTING INTEGRAL NUMBER USUALLY OCCASIONALLY FEET WHERE FOOT CONSISTS MORAS MORA UNIT WHICH LIGHT SYLLABLE CONTAINS HEAVY SYLLABLE EXAMPLE STEMS THAT DERIVED FROM TARO CONSISTING LIGHT SYLLABLES CONSISTING SINGLE SYLLABLE WITH LONG VOWEL RESULTING TARO-CHAN -CHAN STEMS THAT DERIVED FROM HANAKO HANA WITH LIGHT SYLLABLES WITH SYLLABLE CLOSED CONSONANT WITH SYLLABLE WITH LONG VOWEL RESULTING HANACHAN HANCHAN CHAN SEGMENTAL CONTENT USUALLY LEFT SUBSTRING THAT GIVEN NAME HOWEVER SOME CASES OBTAINED OTHER MEANS INCLUDING ANOTHER READING CHINESE CHARACTERS USED WRITE NAME EXAMPLE GIRL NAMED KEIKO CALLED MEGUCHAN BECAUSE CHARACTER USED WRITE KEIKO ALSO READ MEGU GENERAL HYPOCHORISTIC ONLY KNOWN PERSON SINCE CHILD THUS THEY USED CHILDREN ADULTS WHOM KNOWN SINCE THEY WERE CHILDREN EDIT NAMES FROM OTHER ETHNIC GROUPS JAPAN MANY ETHNIC MINORITIES MOSTLY KOREAN CHINESE LIVING JAPAN ADOPT JAPANESE NAMES ROOTS THIS CUSTOM BACK COLONIAL-ERA POLICY SHI-KAIMEI WHICH THEORY PERMITTED PRACTICE COMPELLED MANY KOREANS CHANGE THEIR NAMES JAPANESE NAMES NOWADAYS ETHNIC MINORITIES TAKE JAPANESE NAMES SOMETIMES CALLED PASS NAMES EASE COMMUNICATION MORE IMPORTANTLY AVOID DISCRIMINATION THEM CHANG FOUNDER CHAIRMAN MARUHAN CORP STILL KEEP THEIR NATIVE NAMES JAPANESE CITIZENSHIP USED REQUIRE ADOPTING JAPANESE NAME RECENT DECADES GOVERNMENT ALLOWED INDIVIDUALS SIMPLY ADOPT KATAKANA VERSIONS THEIR NATIVE NAMES WHEN APPLYING CITIZENSHIP PARLIAMENT MEMBER TSURUNEN MARUTEI ORIGINALLY MARTTI TURUNEN FAMOUS EXAMPLE OTHERS TRANSLITERATE THEIR NAMES INTO PHONETICALLY SIMILAR KANJI COMPOUNDS SUCH IMMIGRANT'S-RIGHTS ACTIVIST DAVID ALDWINCKLE BECAME ARUDOU DEBITO STILL OTHERS HAVE ABANDONED THEIR NATIVE NAMES ENTIRELY FAVOR TRADITIONAL JAPANESE NAMES SUCH LAFCADIO HEARN USED NAME KOIZUMI YAKUMO TIME GAIN JAPANESE CITIZENSHIP NECESSARY ADOPTED JAPANESE FAMILY HEARN'S CASE WIFE'S FAMILY TAKE THEIR NAME ETHNIC CHINESE KOREANS JAPAN SOMETIMES HAVE CHANGE CHARACTERS THEIR NAMES APPLY CITIZENSHIP BECAUSE RESTRICTIONS WHICH KANJI USED INDIVIDUALS BORN OVERSEAS WITH WESTERN GIVEN NAMES JAPANESE SURNAMES USUALLY GIVEN KATAKANA NAME WESTERN ORDER WHEN REFERRED JAPANESE ERIC SHINSEKI INSTANCE REFERRED ERIKKU SHINSEKI SOMETIMES THIS DOESN'T HAPPEN SOMETIMES JAPANESE PARENTS DECIDE JAPANESE ORDER WHEN MENTIONING THEIR NAME JAPANESE LANGUAGE ALSO JAPANESE PARENTS TEND GIVE THEIR CHILDREN NAME KANJI HIRAGANA KATAKANA ESPECIALLY IT'S JAPANESE NAME THERE RESTRICTION CHARACTER NAME UNLESS LEAST PARENT FOREIGN ORIGIN CITATION NEEDED CLOSEST CORRESPONDING KATAKANA WHICH ROMANIZED THIS AFFECTS ISSUING JAPANESE PASSPORTS OTHER DOCUMENTATION WHERE ROMAJI REPRESENTATION NAME GIVEN LETTER REPLACED WITH THIS AFFECTS NAMES SUCH KEVIN WHICH WOULD WRITTEN KEBIN EDIT IMPERIAL NAMES AKISHINO-DERA NARA FROM WHICH PRINCE AKISHINO TOOK NAMESEE ALSO IMPERIAL HOUSEHOLD JAPAN JAPANESE EMPEROR FAMILIES HAVE SURNAME HISTORICAL REASONS ONLY GIVEN NAME SUCH HIROHITO WHICH RARELY USED JAPAN JAPANESE PREFER EMPEROR CROWN PRINCE RESPECT MEASURE POLITENESS WHEN CHILDREN BORN INTO IMPERIAL FAMILY THEY GIVEN STANDARD GIVEN NAME WELL SPECIAL TITLE INSTANCE TITLE AKIHITO CURRENT EMPEROR TSUGU-NO-MIYA AKIHITO TSUGU-NO-MIYA PRINCE TSUGU REFERRED PRINCE TSUGU DURING CHILDHOOD THIS TITLE GENERALLY USED UNTIL INDIVIDUAL BECOMES HEIR THRONE INHERITS HISTORICAL PRINCELY FAMILY NAMES HITACHI-NO-MIYA MIKASA-NO-MIYA AKISHINO-NO-MIYA WHEN MEMBER IMPERIAL FAMILY BECOMES NOBLE COMMONER EMPEROR GIVES FAMILY NAME MEDIEVAL FAMILY NAME MINAMOTO OFTEN USED MODERN PRINCELY FAMILY NAMES USED EXAMPLE MANY MEMBERS EXTENDED IMPERIAL FAMILY BECAME COMMONERS AFTER WORLD ADOPTED THEIR IMPERIAL SURNAMES REGULAR SURNAMES CONVERSELY TIME THAT NOBLE COMMONER BECOME MEMBER IMPERIAL FAMILY SUCH THROUGH MARRIAGE FAMILY NAME LOST EXAMPLE EMPRESS MICHIKO WHOSE NAME MICHIKO BEFORE MARRIED PRINCE AKIHITO EDIT HISTORICAL NAMES CURRENT STRUCTURE FAMILY NAME GIVEN NAME MATERIALIZE UNTIL WHEN GOVERNMENT MADE FAMILY REGISTRATION SYSTEM FEUDAL JAPAN NAMES REFLECTED PERSON'S SOCIAL STATUS THEY ALSO REFLECT PERSON'S AFFILIATION BUDDHIST SHINT FEUDATORY-MILITARY CONFUCIAN-SCHOLARLY MERCANTILE PEASANT SLAVE IMPERIAL ORDERS BEFORE FEUDAL TIMES JAPANESE CLAN NAMES FIGURED PROMINENTLY HISTORY NAMES WITH FALL INTO THIS CATEGORY MEANS ALTHOUGH ASSOCIATION OPPOSITE ORDER JAPANESE GENERALLY EXPLICITLY WRITTEN THIS STYLE NAME THUS MINAMOTO YORITOMO YORITOMO MINAMOTO CLAN FUJIWARA KAMATARI TSURAYUKI TAIRA KIYOMORI ADDITIONAL EXAMPLES HISTORICALLY JAPANESE PERSON COULD MAINTAIN SEVERAL NAMES DIFFERENT OCCASIONS AMONG THOSE THAT WERE COMMON AZANA IMINA OKURINA EITHER TRANSLATE POSTHUMOUS NAME NAME HAIG HAIMEI HAIKU POET WAKA POET UNCOMMON HAVE MORE THAN NAMES IMINA SAME ONE'S REAL NAME REAL NAME WOULD CALLED IMINA POSTHUMOUSLY CALLED BECAUSE AFTER ONE'S DEATH WOULD REFERRED OKURINA WHILE PRONUNCIATION IMINA BEING AVOIDED AZANA WHICH GIVEN GENPUKU USED OTHERS HIMSELF USES REAL NAME REFER COMMONLY NAMED AFTER PLACES HOUSES BASHO HAIKU POET MATSUO BASHO NAMED AFTER HOUSE BASHO-AN LATE SHOGUNATE PERIOD MANY ANTI-GOVERNMENT ACTIVISTS USED SEVERAL FALSE NAMES HIDE THEIR ACTIVITIES FROM SHOGUNATE EXAMPLES SAITANI UMETAR SAKAMOTO NIIBORI MATSUSUKE KIDO TAKAYOSHI TANI UMENOSUKE TAKASUGI SHINSAKU FAMOUS WRITER KYOKUTEI BAKIN KNOWN HAVE MANY NAMES EDIT PROFESSIONAL NAMES ACTORS ACTRESSES WESTERN JAPANESE DRAMATIC FORMS COMEDIANS SUMO WRESTLERS PRACTITIONERS TRADITIONAL CRAFTS OFTEN PROFESSIONAL NAMES KABUKI ACTORS TAKE TRADITIONAL SURNAMES SUCH NAKAMURA BAND ONOE MANY STAGE NAMES TELEVISION FILM ACTORS ACTRESSES UNREMARKABLE BEING JUST LIKE ORDINARY JAPANESE PERSONAL NAMES TONGUE-IN-CHEEK EXAMPLE KAMATARI FUJIWARA CHOSE NAME AFOREMENTIONED FOUNDER FUJIWARA FAMILY WHILE HINO NAME SOUNDS LIKE CAREFUL WITH FIRE ALTHOUGH WRITTEN DIFFERENTLY MANY STAND-UP COMICS LIKE BEAT TAKESHI BEAT KIYOSHI CHOOSE WESTERN NAME THEIR STAGE GIVEN NAMES WRITERS ALSO TEND CLEVER ABOUT THEIR NAMES EXAMPLE EDOGAWA RANPO WHICH DESIGNED SOUND LIKE EDGAR ALLAN SUMO WRESTLERS TAKE WRESTLING NAMES CALLED SHIKONA WHILE SHIKONA WRESTLER'S SURNAME MOST UPPER-DIVISION RIKISHI HAVE SHIKONA DIFFERENT FROM THEIR SURNAME TYPICAL SHIKONA CONSISTS THREE KANJI OFTEN PART NAME COMES FROM WRESTLER'S MASTER PLACE NAME SUCH NAME PROVINCE RIVER NAME WEAPON ITEM IDENTIFIED WITH JAPANESE TRADITION LIKE KOTO NISHIKI TERM INDICATING SUPERIORITY OFTEN WAKA INDICATES WRESTLER WHOSE FATHER ALSO SUMO THIS CASE MEANING JUNIOR WRESTLERS CHANGE THEIR SHIKONA TAKAHANADA WHEN BECAME TAKANOHANA THEN TAKANOHANA ANOTHER NOTABLE EXAMPLE WRESTLER SENTORYU WHICH MEANS FIGHTING DRAGON ALSO HOMOPHONOUS WITH LOUIS CITY ORIGIN GEISHA PRACTITIONERS TRADITIONAL CRAFTS ARTS SUCH POTTERY CEREMONY CALLIGRAPHY IREZUMI TATTOOING IKEBANA FLOWER ARRANGING OFTEN TAKE PROFESSIONAL NAMES MANY CASES THESE COME FROM MASTER UNDER WHOM THEY STUDIED EDIT JAPANESE NAMES ENGLISH CASE OTHER TRANSLITERATIONS WRITING JAPANESE NAMES ENGLISH POSES SEVERAL ISSUES MAINLY ROMANIZATION NAME ORDER ISSUES THIS DIFFERS FROM ORDERING USED MANY OTHER PARTS WORLD SOME PARTICULARLY ACADEMICS ADOPT CONVENTION WRITING FAMILY NAME UPPER CASE WHEN NAME ROMANIZED EXAMPLE TAKUYA MURATA MURATA TAKUYA ARTISTS WHOSE WORKS DISTRIBUTED ENGLISH OUTSIDE JAPAN OFTEN WESTERN ORDERING ENGLISH EDITIONS THEIR WORKS RYUICHI SAKAMOTO SAKAMOTO ICHI SHUNJI IWAI IWAI SHUNJI HARUKI MURAKAMI MURAKAMI HARUKI JAPANESE LIVING OVERSEAS SUCH YOKO ICHIRO SUZUKI SUZUKI ICHIR USUALLY WESTERN ORDER WELL MOST FOREIGN SCHOLARS JAPANESE HISTORY LITERATURE JAPANESE ORDER HISTORICAL LITERARY FIGURES USUALLY REFERRED THAT ORDER MURASAKI SHIKIBU TOKUGAWA IEYASU HOWEVER ENGLISH PUBLICATIONS TEND PREFER WESTERN ORDER WHEN DISCUSSING CONTEMPORARY INDIVIDUALS ESPECIALLY POLITICIANS BUSINESSMEN ATHLETES THERE REASON EXCEPT THAT JAPANESE USED CHOOSE WRITE THEIR NAMES WESTERN ORDER WESTERN LANGUAGE PAST THINKING THAT CORRECT ENGLISH PUBLICATION MERELY FOLLOWED THIS TRADITION SHOULD NOTED THAT THERE TENDENCY RESPECT FOREIGN CUSTOMS INCLUDING PRESERVATION ORIGINAL PRONUNCIATIONS FOREIGN NAMES JAPANESE ADOPTING WESTERN ORDER COULD HAVE BEEN REVERSE THIS RESPECT CONTRAST WHEN WRITTEN KANJI CHARACTERS ORDER JAPANESE NAMES NEVER REVERSED FOLLOWING ENGLISH PUBLICATIONS TEND WESTERN ORDER REFER JAPANESE FIGURES CREDITS MOVIES CHARACTERS COMICS NAMES CHARACTERS HAVE BEEN COMPLETELY CHANGED BOOKS CONCERNING CONTEMPORARY JAPANESE CULTURE LIKE J-POP SPORTS MEDIA RECENT YEARS SINCE BEGINNING CENTURY JAPANESE ORDER ENGLISH WRITING RISING EXAMPLE NHK'S PROGRAMS EIGO SHABERA NIGHT SALARYMAN BAKUSHO MONDAI NIPPON KYOYO CREDITS JAPANESE NAMES ENGLISH ALPHABETS WRITTEN USING JAPANESE ORDER FOLLOWING TEND KEEP ORIGINAL JAPANESE ORDER JAPANESE PASSPORTS SCHOLARLY ARTICLES BOOKS CONCERNING HISTORICAL JAPANESE ACTIVITIES LIKE WAKA CHARACTERS TRANSLATED JAPANESE MANGA ANIME VIDEO GAMES SPECIAL CASES THEY SOMETIMES GIVEN WESTERN NAMES POKéMON EXAMPLE THEY KEEP THEIR ORIGINAL JAPANESE NAMES EITHER JAPANESE WESTERN NAME ORDER THEY ALSO HAVE NON-HEPBURN TRANSLITERATIONS THEIR NAMES EVEN DIFFERENT TRANSLITERATIONS BETWEEN DIFFERENT EDITIONS BETWEEN MANGA ANIME VIDEO GAME VERSIONS YU-GI-OH EXAMPLE EDIT ALSO OKINAWAN FAMILY NAME JAPANESE ALIAS LIST MOST POPULAR FAMILY NAMES CHINESE NAME KOREAN NAME VIETNAMESE NAME MEISHI ART-NAME CHINESE CHARACTER TATTOOS EDIT REFERENCES THIS STARK CONTRAST SMALL NUMBER FAMILY NAMES NEARBY CHINA KOREA WHICH HAVE USED FAMILY NAMES LONGER GALTON-WATSON PROCESS MATHEMATICAL DETAILS FILE LEGAL REGULATIONS ADVANCED SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY SOME MATERIALS TAKEN FROM KODANSHA ENCYCLOPEDIA JAPAN ARTICLE NAMES EDIT FURTHER READING KOOP ALBERT HOGITARO INADA JAPANESE NAMES READ THEM ISBN KEGAN PAUL INTERNATIONAL O'NEILL JAPANESE NAMES ISBN WEATHERHILL PLUTSCHOW HERBERT JAPAN'S NAME CULTURE ISBN ROUTLEDGE CURZON POSER WILLIAM EVIDENCE FOOT STRUCTURE JAPANESE LANGUAGE DESCRIBES HYPOCHORISTIC FORMATION SOME OTHER TYPES DERIVED NAMES THRONDARDOTTIR SOLVEIG NAME CONSTRUCTION MEDIEVAL JAPAN ISBN POTBOILER PRESS SOCIETY WRITERS EDITORS TRANSLATORS JAPAN STYLE SHEET ISBN STONE BRIDGE PRESS EDIT EXTERNAL LINKS JAPANESE NAMES SECTION LANG JAPAN JAPANORAMA JAPANESE NAMES JAPANESE INDEX PAGE NAMES JAPANESE INTERNET ARCHIVE JAPANESE NAMES KANJI HIRAGANA JAPANESE PUBLICATION SURNAMES NAMES COUNTRY JAPANESE SHIR DEPARTMENT HUMANITIES SHIZUOKA UNIVERSITY SURNAMES JAPAN SHIZUOKA PREFECTURE OKINAWA PREFECTURE GERMANY JAPANESE RECORDS NAMES JAPANESE NAMES KANJI HIRAGANA JAPANESE MUSEUM SURNAMES STATISTICS JAPANESE SURNAMES JAPANESE GIVEN NAMES POPULAR JAPANESE BABY NAMES WWWJDIC ONLINE DICTIONARY WITH OVER JAPANESE NAMES HIDE EPERSONAL NAMES WORLD CULTURES AKAN ARABIC BALINESE BULGARIAN CAMBODIAN CZECH CHINESE DUTCH ETHIOPIAN FIJIAN FINNISH FORMOSAN FRENCH GERMAN GREEK HAWAIIAN HEBREW HUNGARIAN ICELANDIC INDIAN INDONESIAN IRISH ITALIAN JAPANESE JAVANESE JEWISH KOREAN LITHUANIAN MALAYSIAN MONGOLIAN PAKISTANI PERSIAN PHILIPPINE POLISH PORTUGUESE ROMAN RUSSIAN SCOTTISH GAELIC SERBIAN SPANISH THAI TIBETAN UKRAINIAN VIETNAMESE YORUBA RETRIEVED FROM HTTP WIKIPEDIA WIKI JAPANESE NAME CATEGORIES NAMES CULTURE JAPANESE NAMES HIDDEN CATEGORIES ARTICLES WITH UNSOURCED STATEMENTS ARTICLES WITH UNSOURCED STATEMENTS SINCE APRIL ARTICLES WITH UNSOURCED STATEMENTS SINCE DECEMBER VIEWSARTICLE DISCUSSION EDIT THIS PAGE HISTORY PERSONAL TOOLSLOG CREATE ACCOUNT NAVIGATION MAIN PAGE CONTENTS FEATURED CONTENT CURRENT EVENTS RANDOM ARTICLE SEARCH INTERACTION ABOUT WIKIPEDIA COMMUNITY PORTAL RECENT CHANGES CONTACT WIKIPEDIA DONATE WIKIPEDIA HELP TOOLBOX WHAT LINKS HERE RELATED CHANGES UPLOAD FILE SPECIAL PAGES PRINTABLE VERSION PERMANENT LINK CITE THIS PAGE LANGUAGES BREZHONEG CATALà DEUTSCH ESPAñOL BAHASA INDONESIA NEDERLANDS BASA SUNDA SVENSKA THIS PAGE LAST MODIFIED OCTOBER TEXT AVAILABLE UNDER TERMS FREE DOCUMENTATION LICENSE COPYRIGHTS DETAILS WIKIPEDIA® REGISTERED TRADEMARK WIKIMEDIA FOUNDATION REGISTERED TAX-DEDUCTIBLE NONPROFIT CHARITY PRIVACY POLICY ABOUT WIKIPEDIA DISCLAIMERS SEAN PUCKETT

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