Seed Words for Elementary Particles from Wikipedia
PARTICLE PHYSICS ELEMENTARY PARTICLE FUNDAMENTAL PARTICLE PARTICLE KNOWN HAVE SUBSTRUCTURE THUS KNOWN MADE SMALLER PARTICLES ELEMENTARY PARTICLE TRULY SUBSTRUCTURE THEN BASIC BUILDING BLOCKS UNIVERSE FROM WHICH OTHER PARTICLES MADE STANDARD MODEL ELEMENTARY PARTICLES INCLUDE FUNDAMENTAL FERMIONS INCLUDING QUARKS LEPTONS THEIR ANTIPARTICLES FUNDAMENTAL BOSONS INCLUDING GAUGE BOSONS HIGGS BOSON HISTORICALLY HADRONS MESONS BARYONS SUCH PROTON NEUTRON EVEN WHOLE ATOMS WERE ONCE REGARDED ELEMENTARY PARTICLES INDEED WORD ATOM MEANS INDIVISIBLE CENTRAL FEATURE ELEMENTARY PARTICLE THEORY EARLY CENTURY IDEA QUANTA WHICH REVOLUTIONIZED UNDERSTANDING ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION BROUGHT ABOUT QUANTUM MECHANICS MATHEMATICAL PURPOSES ELEMENTARY PARTICLES NORMALLY TREATED POINT PARTICLES ALTHOUGH SOME PARTICLE THEORIES SUCH STRING THEORY POSIT PHYSICAL DIMENSION ACCORDING STANDARD MODEL ELEMENTARY PARTICLES EITHER BOSONS FERMIONS DEPENDING THEIR SPIN SPIN-STATISTICS THEOREM IDENTIFIES RESULTING QUANTUM STATISTICS THAT DIFFERENTIATES FERMIONS FROM BOSONS ACCORDING THIS METHODOLOGY PARTICLES NORMALLY ASSOCIATED WITH MATTER FERMIONS THEY HAVE HALF-INTEGER SPIN DIVIDED INTO TWELVE FLAVOURS PARTICLES ASSOCIATED WITH FUNDAMENTAL FORCES BOSONS THEY HAVE INTEGER SPIN ELEMENTARY FERMIONS MATTER PARTICLES QUARKS DOWN CHARM STRANGE BOTTOM LEPTONS ELECTRON ELECTRON NEUTRINO MUON MUON NEUTRINO NEUTRINO ELEMENTARY BOSONS FORCE-CARRYING PARTICLES GAUGE BOSONS GLUON BOSONS PHOTON OTHER BOSONS HIGGS BOSON THESE ONLY HIGGS BOSON REMAINS UNDISCOVERED EFFORTS BEING TAKEN LARGE HADRON COLLIDER DETERMINE WHETHER EXISTS ADDITIONAL ELEMENTARY PARTICLES EXIST SUCH GRAVITON WHICH WOULD MEDIATE GRAVITATION SUCH PARTICLES BEYOND STANDARD MODEL EDIT COMMON ELEMENTARY PARTICLES SEVERAL ESTIMATES IMPLY THAT PRACTICALLY MATTER WHEN MEASURED MASS VISIBLE UNIVERSE INCLUDING DARK MATTER PROTONS HYDROGEN ATOMS THAT ROUGHLY PROTONS EXIST VISIBLE UNIVERSE EDDINGTON NUMBER ROUGHLY ATOMS EXIST VISIBLE UNIVERSE EACH PROTON TURN COMPOSED ELEMENTARY PARTICLES QUARKS DOWN QUARK NEUTRONS OTHER PARTICLES HEAVIER THAN PROTONS WELL HELIUM OTHER ATOMS WITH MORE THAN PROTON RARE THAT THEIR TOTAL MASS VISIBLE UNIVERSE MUCH LESS THAN TOTAL MASS PROTONS HYDROGEN ATOMS LIGHTER PARTICLES MATTER ALTHOUGH EQUAL ELECTRONS VASTLY MORE NEUTRINOS NUMEROUS THAN PROTONS MUCH LIGHTER THAN PROTONS THAT THEIR TOTAL MASS VISIBLE UNIVERSE AGAIN MUCH LESS THAN TOTAL MASS PROTONS SOME ESTIMATES IMPLY THAT PRACTICALLY MATTER WHEN MEASURED NUMBERS PARTICLES VISIBLE UNIVERSE INCLUDING DARK MATTER FORM NEUTRINOS THAT ROUGHLY ELEMENTARY PARTICLES MATTER EXIST VISIBLE UNIVERSE MOSTLY NEUTRINOS SOME ESTIMATES IMPLY THAT ROUGHLY ELEMENTARY PARTICLES EXIST VISIBLE UNIVERSE INCLUDING DARK MATTER MOSTLY PHOTONS GRAVITONS OTHER MASSLESS FORCE CARRIERS EDIT STANDARD MODEL MAIN ARTICLE STANDARD MODEL STANDARD MODEL PARTICLE PHYSICS CONTAINS FLAVORS ELEMENTARY FERMIONS PLUS THEIR CORRESPONDING ANTIPARTICLES WELL ELEMENTARY BOSONS THAT MEDIATE FORCES STILL UNDISCOVERED HIGGS BOSON HOWEVER STANDARD MODEL WIDELY CONSIDERED PROVISIONAL THEORY RATHER THAN TRULY FUNDAMENTAL SINCE KNOWN COMPATIBLE WITH EINSTEIN'S GENERAL RELATIVITY THERE LIKELY HYPOTHETICAL ELEMENTARY PARTICLES DESCRIBED STANDARD MODEL SUCH GRAVITON PARTICLE THAT WOULD CARRY GRAVITATIONAL FORCE SPARTICLES SUPERSYMMETRIC PARTNERS ORDINARY PARTICLES EDIT FUNDAMENTAL FERMIONS MAIN ARTICLE FERMION FUNDAMENTAL FERMIONIC FLAVOURS DIVIDED INTO THREE GENERATIONS FOUR PARTICLES EACH PARTICLES QUARKS REMAINING LEPTONS THREE WHICH NEUTRINOS REMAINING THREE WHICH HAVE ELECTRIC CHARGE ELECTRON COUSINS MUON QUARKS MAIN ARTICLE QUARK ISOLATED QUARKS ANTIQUARKS HAVE NEVER BEEN DETECTED FACT EXPLAINED CONFINEMENT EVERY QUARK CARRIES THREE COLOR-CHARGES STRONG INTERACTION ANTIQUARKS SIMILARLY CARRY ANTICOLOR COLOR-CHARGED PARTICLES INTERACT GLUON EXCHANGE SAME THAT CHARGED PARTICLES INTERACT PHOTON EXCHANGE HOWEVER GLUONS THEMSELVES COLOR-CHARGED RESULTING AMPLIFICATION STRONG FORCE COLOR-CHARGED PARTICLES SEPARATED UNLIKE ELECTROMAGNETIC FORCE WHICH DIMINISHES CHARGED PARTICLES SEPARATE COLOR-CHARGED PARTICLES FEEL INCREASING FORCE HOWEVER COLOR-CHARGED PARTICLES COMBINE FORM COLOR NEUTRAL COMPOSITE PARTICLES CALLED HADRONS QUARK PAIR WITH ANTIQUARK QUARK COLOR ANTIQUARK CORRESPONDING ANTICOLOR COLOR ANTICOLOR CANCEL FORMING COLOR NEUTRAL MESON ALTERNATIVELY THREE QUARKS EXIST TOGETHER QUARK BEING ANOTHER BLUE ANOTHER GREEN THESE THREE COLORED QUARKS TOGETHER FORM COLOR-NEUTRAL BARYON SYMMETRICALLY THREE ANTIQUARKS WITH COLORS ANTIRED ANTIBLUE ANTIGREEN FORM COLOR-NEUTRAL ANTIBARYON QUARKS ALSO CARRY FRACTIONAL ELECTRIC CHARGES SINCE THEY CONFINED WITHIN HADRONS WHOSE CHARGES INTEGRAL FRACTIONAL CHARGES HAVE NEVER BEEN ISOLATED NOTE THAT QUARKS HAVE ELECTRIC CHARGES EITHER WHEREAS ANTIQUARKS HAVE CORRESPONDING ELECTRIC CHARGES EITHER EVIDENCE EXISTENCE QUARKS COMES FROM DEEP INELASTIC SCATTERING FIRING ELECTRONS NUCLEI DETERMINE DISTRIBUTION CHARGE WITHIN NUCLEONS WHICH BARYONS CHARGE UNIFORM ELECTRIC FIELD AROUND PROTON SHOULD UNIFORM ELECTRON SHOULD SCATTER ELASTICALLY LOW-ENERGY ELECTRONS SCATTER THIS ABOVE PARTICULAR ENERGY PROTONS DEFLECT SOME ELECTRONS THROUGH LARGE ANGLES RECOILING ELECTRON MUCH LESS ENERGY PARTICLES EMITTED THIS INELASTIC SCATTERING SUGGESTS THAT CHARGE PROTON UNIFORM SPLIT AMONG SMALLER CHARGED PARTICLES QUARKS EDIT FUNDAMENTAL BOSONS MAIN ARTICLE BOSON STANDARD MODEL VECTOR SPIN- BOSONS GLUONS PHOTONS BOSONS MEDIATE FORCES WHEREAS HIGGS BOSON SPIN- RESPONSIBLE INTRINSIC MASS PARTICLES EDIT GLUONS MAIN ARTICLE GLUON GLUONS MEDIATORS STRONG INTERACTION CARRY BOTH COLOUR ANTICOLOUR ALTHOUGH GLUONS MASSLESS THEY NEVER OBSERVED DETECTORS COLOUR CONFINEMENT RATHER THEY PRODUCE JETS HADRONS SIMILAR SINGLE QUARKS FIRST EVIDENCE GLUONS CAME FROM ANNIHILATIONS ELECTRONS ANTIELECTRONS HIGH ENERGIES WHICH SOMETIMES PRODUCED THREE JETS QUARK ANTIQUARK GLUON EDIT ELECTROWEAK BOSONS MAIN ARTICLE BOSONS THERE THREE WEAK GAUGE BOSONS THESE MEDIATE WEAK INTERACTION MASSLESS PHOTON MEDIATES ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERACTION EDIT HIGGS BOSON MAIN ARTICLE HIGGS BOSON ALTHOUGH WEAK ELECTROMAGNETIC FORCES APPEAR QUITE DIFFERENT EVERYDAY ENERGIES FORCES THEORIZED UNIFY SINGLE ELECTROWEAK FORCE HIGH ENERGIES THIS PREDICTION CLEARLY CONFIRMED MEASUREMENTS CROSS-SECTIONS HIGH-ENERGY ELECTRON-PROTON SCATTERING HERA COLLIDER DESY DIFFERENCES ENERGIES CONSEQUENCE HIGH MASSES BOSONS WHICH TURN CONSEQUENCE HIGGS MECHANISM THROUGH PROCESS SPONTANEOUS SYMMETRY BREAKING HIGGS SELECTS SPECIAL DIRECTION ELECTROWEAK SPACE THAT CAUSES THREE ELECTROWEAK PARTICLES BECOME VERY HEAVY WEAK BOSONS REMAIN MASSLESS PHOTON ALTHOUGH HIGGS MECHANISM BECOME ACCEPTED PART STANDARD MODEL HIGGS BOSON ITSELF BEEN OBSERVED DETECTORS INDIRECT EVIDENCE HIGGS BOSON SUGGESTS MASS LIES BELOW CITATION NEEDED ADDITIONALLY LARGE HADRON COLLIDER REPORTEDLY DETECTED SIGNAL BELIEVED CORRESPOND HIGGS THOUGH ADDITIONAL DATA NEEDED CONFIRM THIS EDIT BEYOND STANDARD MODEL ALTHOUGH EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE CONFIRMS PREDICTIONS STANDARD MODEL MANY PHYSICISTS FIND THIS MODEL UNSATISFACTORY MANY UNDETERMINED PARAMETERS MANY FUNDAMENTAL PARTICLES NON-OBSERVATION HIGGS BOSON OTHER MORE THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS SUCH HIERARCHY PROBLEM THERE MANY SPECULATIVE THEORIES BEYOND STANDARD MODEL THAT ATTEMPT RECTIFY THESE DEFICIENCIES EDIT GRAND UNIFICATION MAIN ARTICLE GRAND UNIFIED THEORY EXTENSION STANDARD MODEL ATTEMPTS COMBINE ELECTROWEAK INTERACTION WITH STRONG INTERACTION INTO SINGLE 'GRAND UNIFIED THEORY' SUCH FORCE WOULD SPONTANEOUSLY BROKEN INTO THREE FORCES HIGGS-LIKE MECHANISM MOST DRAMATIC PREDICTION GRAND UNIFICATION EXISTENCE BOSONS WHICH CAUSE PROTON DECAY HOWEVER NON-OBSERVATION PROTON DECAY SUPER-KAMIOKANDE RULES SIMPLEST GUTS INCLUDING EDIT SUPERSYMMETRY MAIN ARTICLE SUPERSYMMETRY SUPERSYMMETRY EXTENDS STANDARD MODEL ADDING ADDITIONAL CLASS SYMMETRIES LAGRANGIAN THESE SYMMETRIES EXCHANGE FERMIONIC PARTICLES WITH BOSONIC ONES SUCH SYMMETRY PREDICTS EXISTENCE SUPERSYMMETRIC PARTICLES ABBREVIATED SPARTICLES WHICH INCLUDE SLEPTONS SQUARKS NEUTRALINOS CHARGINOS EACH PARTICLE STANDARD MODEL WOULD HAVE SUPERPARTNER WHOSE SPIN DIFFERS FROM ORDINARY PARTICLE BREAKING SUPERSYMMETRY SPARTICLES MUCH HEAVIER THAN THEIR ORDINARY COUNTERPARTS THEY HEAVY THAT EXISTING PARTICLE COLLIDERS WOULD POWERFUL ENOUGH PRODUCE THEM HOWEVER SOME PHYSICISTS BELIEVE THAT SPARTICLES WILL DETECTED WHEN LARGE HADRON COLLIDER CERN BEGINS RUNNING EDIT STRING THEORY MAIN ARTICLE STRING THEORY STRING THEORY MODEL PHYSICS WHERE PARTICLES THAT MAKE MATTER COMPOSED STRINGS MEASURING PLANCK LENGTH THAT EXIST -DIMENSIONAL ACCORDING M-THEORY LEADING VERSION UNIVERSE THESE STRINGS VIBRATE DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES THAT DETERMINE MASS ELECTRIC CHARGE COLOR CHARGE SPIN STRING OPEN LINE CLOSED LOOP ONE-DIMENSIONAL SPHERE LIKE CIRCLE STRING MOVES THROUGH SPACE SWEEPS SOMETHING CALLED WORLD SHEET STRING THEORY PREDICTS -BRANES -BRANE BEING STRING -BRANE BEING -DIMENSIONAL OBJECT THAT PREVENT TEARS FABRIC SPACE USING UNCERTAINTY PRINCIPLE ELECTRON ORBITING HYDROGEN ATOM PROBABILITY ALBEIT SMALL THAT COULD ANYWHERE ELSE UNIVERSE GIVEN MOMENT STRING THEORY PROPOSES THAT UNIVERSE MERELY -BRANE INSIDE WHICH EXIST SPACE DIMENSIONS TIME DIMENSION THAT OBSERVE REMAINING THEORETICAL DIMENSIONS EITHER VERY TINY CURLED SMALL AFFECT UNIVERSE SIMPLY CANNOT EXIST UNIVERSE BECAUSE THEY EXIST GRANDER SCHEME CALLED MULTIVERSE OUTSIDE KNOWN UNIVERSE SOME PREDICTIONS STRING THEORY INCLUDE EXISTENCE EXTREMELY MASSIVE COUNTERPARTS ORDINARY PARTICLES VIBRATIONAL EXCITATIONS FUNDAMENTAL STRING EXISTENCE MASSLESS SPIN- PARTICLE BEHAVING LIKE GRAVITON EDIT TECHNICOLOR MAIN ARTICLE TECHNICOLOR PHYSICS TECHNICOLOR THEORIES MODIFY STANDARD MODEL MINIMAL INTRODUCING QCD-LIKE INTERACTION THIS MEANS ADDS THEORY CALLED TECHNIQUARKS INTERACTING CALLED TECHNIGLUONS MAIN IDEA THAT HIGGS-BOSON ELEMENTARY PARTICLE BOUND STATE THESE OBJECTS EDIT PREON THEORY MAIN ARTICLE PREON ACCORDING PREON THEORY THERE MORE ORDERS PARTICLES MORE FUNDAMENTAL THAN THOSE MOST THOSE FOUND STANDARD MODEL MOST FUNDAMENTAL THESE NORMALLY CALLED PREONS WHICH DERIVED FROM PRE-QUARKS ESSENCE PREON THEORY TRIES STANDARD MODEL WHAT STANDARD MODEL PARTICLE THAT CAME BEFORE MOST MODELS ASSUME THAT ALMOST EVERYTHING STANDARD MODEL EXPLAINED TERMS THREE HALF DOZEN MORE FUNDAMENTAL PARTICLES RULES THAT GOVERN THEIR INTERACTIONS INTEREST PREONS WANED SINCE SIMPLEST MODELS WERE EXPERIMENTALLY RULED EDIT ACCELERON THEORY ACCELERONS HYPOTHETICAL SUBATOMIC PARTICLES THAT INTEGRALLY LINK NEWFOUND MASS NEUTRINO DARK ENERGY CONJECTURED ACCELERATING EXPANSION UNIVERSE THEORY NEUTRINOS INFLUENCED FORCE RESULTING FROM THEIR INTERACTIONS WITH ACCELERONS DARK ENERGY RESULTS UNIVERSE TRIES PULL NEUTRINOS APART
Thanks to Felix Matathias for these words.
What next?
- Another batch of random words from this seed set.
- View the list of word lists.